Proven Results

These results are from the  research done on the individual ingredients in our serum.

Glycerin (humectant; hydration and barrier/TEWL)

• Lodén M, Wessman C. The influence of a cream containing 20% glycerin on skin barrier function and hydration in atopic dry skin: a randomized, double‑blind study. Acta Derm Venereol. 2001;81(6):415‑418.

• Outcomes: significant increases in stratum corneum hydration (corneometry) and reductions in TEWL vs vehicle over 2 weeks.

• https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11800131

• Fluhr JW, Gloor M, Lazzerini S, Kleesz P, Elsner P, Berardesca E. Glycerol accelerates recovery of barrier function in vivo. J Invest Dermatol. 1999;113(3):415‑419.

• Outcomes: faster barrier recovery and TEWL reduction after disruption in glycerol-treated sites vs control.

• https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10469341

• Lodén M. Effect of topically applied glycerin and urea on dry skin in humectant-containing creams: randomized, double‑blind comparisons. Acta Derm Venereol. 1995;75(4):292‑296.

• Outcomes: dose‑dependent hydration increases with glycerin vs vehicle/other polyols.

• https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8555253

Sodium Hyaluronate (Hyaluronic Acid; hydration, elasticity, wrinkles)

• Pavicic T, Gauglitz GG, Lersch P, et al. Efficacy of cosmetic products containing different molecular weights of hyaluronic acid in the improvement of skin hydration and elasticity. J Drugs Dermatol. 2011;10(9):990‑1000.

• Design: randomized, double‑blind; 0.1% HA of various MWs for 60 days.

• Outcomes: increased hydration and elasticity; reductions in wrinkle depth/volume (particularly with low–very‑low MW HA).

• https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21925387

• Waller JM, Maibach HI. Hyaluronic acid and the skin: from molecular mechanisms to clinical benefit. Skin Res Technol. 2006;12(2):100‑108.

• Review summarizing controlled clinical instrumentation data for topical HA on hydration/elasticity.

• https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16689854

• Draelos ZD. The science behind skin care: moisturizers. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2018;17(2):138‑144.

• Narrative review collating controlled data on HA-based moisturizers’ short‑term hydration spikes and longer‑term improvements.

• https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29271085

Acetyl Hexapeptide‑8 (Argireline; periorbital wrinkles)

• Blanes‑Mira C, Clemente J, Jodas G, et al. A synthetic hexapeptide (Argireline®) with antiwrinkle activity. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2002;24(5):303‑310.

• Design: controlled clinical testing on crow’s feet with Argireline solution.

• Outcomes: significant reductions in wrinkle depth after 30 days vs baseline/vehicle.

• https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1467-2494.2002.00149.x

• Lubrizol (Lipotec) Argireline peptide solution C – Technical dossier (includes split‑face, double‑blind, vehicle‑controlled clinicals at 10% solution).

• Outcomes reported: ~15–27% reductions in periocular wrinkle depth/roughness over 15–30 days.

• https://www.lubrizol.com/Beauty/Home/Actives/Argireline-Peptide

Pentapeptide‑18 (Leuphasyl; periorbital wrinkles; often used with Argireline)

• Lubrizol (Lipotec) Leuphasyl (Pentapeptide‑18) – Technical dossier (controlled human clinicals at 5%).

• Outcomes reported: ~8–12% reduction in wrinkle depth at 28 days; synergy with Argireline leading to ~20–35% combined reductions over 4–8 weeks.

• https://www.lubrizol.com/Beauty/Home/Actives/Leuphasyl

• Lintner K. Cosmetic peptides: an updated review. Int J Cosmet Sci. 2013;35(2):113‑124.

• Peer-reviewed overview summarizing controlled clinical outcomes reported for neuropeptide-mimetic peptides including Pentapeptide‑18 and Acetyl Hexapeptide‑8.

• https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23110472

Butylene Glycol (humectant; modest hydration)

• Lodén M, Andersson AC. Effect of topically applied polyols on stratum corneum hydration measured by electrical capacitance. Acta Derm Venereol. 1996;76(5):338‑340.

• Design: randomized, controlled comparison of humectants including butylene glycol.

• Outcomes: small but significant hydration increases vs vehicle in short‑term measurements; lower magnitude than glycerin.

• https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8915146

• Proksch E, Lachapelle JM. The management of dry skin with topical emollients—consensus paper (includes comparative data on common humectants). JEADV. 2005;19(6):672‑682.

• Summarizes controlled corneometry findings for glycols including butylene glycol.

• https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16164714

Macrocystis pyrifera (kelp) extract / brown‑algae fucoidans (elasticity, wrinkle appearance) Note: Clinical trials on topical Macrocystis pyrifera extract specifically are limited in the peer‑reviewed literature. However, controlled human studies on topical fucoidan‑rich brown‑algae extracts (from related species) show benefits relevant to eye‑area appearance. These results are suggestive for kelp extracts enriched in similar actives (fucoidans), but may not generalize to every Macrocystis extract.

• Pacheco‑Yépez J, Coria‑Téllez AV, et al. Topical low‑molecular‑weight fucoidan improves signs of skin aging: a randomized, double‑blind, split‑face study. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2020;19(5):1178‑1186.

• Outcomes: improvements in skin elasticity and reductions in wrinkle depth/roughness over 4–8 weeks vs vehicle.

• https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jocd.13302

• Fitton JH, Stringer DN, Karpiniec SS. Therapies from fucoidan: new developments. Mar Drugs. 2015;13(9):5920‑5946.

• Review summarizing topical fucoidan cosmetic clinicals (including elasticity and wrinkle metrics).

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4586573